{"id":589,"date":"2026-04-30T17:53:51","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T17:53:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/muzeu.chisinau.md\/?post_type=muzeu_obiect_istoric&#038;p=589"},"modified":"2026-04-30T17:53:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T17:53:52","slug":"masina-mecanica-de-calcul-anii-40-50-sec-xx","status":"publish","type":"muzeu_obiect_istoric","link":"https:\/\/muzeu.chisinau.md\/ru\/obiecte-muzeu\/masina-mecanica-de-calcul-anii-40-50-sec-xx\/","title":{"rendered":"Ma\u0219in\u0103 mecanic\u0103 de calcul, anii 40-50 sec. XX"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-05d08cd0\">Ma\u0219ina mecanic\u0103 de calcul marca SCIOTMASH, a fost produs\u0103 \u00een URSS \u00een anii 1940\u20131950, reprezint\u0103 un artefact tehnico-\u0219tiin\u021bific \u00eencadrat \u00een categoria instrumentelor de calcul \u0219i eviden\u021b\u0103 numeric\u0103. Realizat\u0103 din metal \u0219i elemente de plastic, piesa reflect\u0103 etapa de tranzi\u021bie dintre calculul manual tradi\u021bional \u0219i \u00eenceputurile mecaniz\u0103rii proceselor matematice \u00een contextul economiei planificate sovietice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-eeb0d574\">Obiectul apar\u021bine familiei calculatoarelor mecanice ac\u021bionate manual, utilizate pentru efectuarea opera\u021biilor aritmetice de baz\u0103 (adunare, sc\u0103dere, \u00eenmul\u021bire \u0219i, \u00een unele cazuri, \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bire). Func\u021bionarea se baza pe un sistem de ro\u021bi din\u021bate, axe \u0219i tamburi numerota\u021bi, care permiteau introducerea \u0219i manipularea datelor prin intermediul unor manivele sau glisoare. Construc\u021bia robust\u0103 indic\u0103 o destina\u021bie profesional\u0103, fiind conceput\u0103 pentru utilizare intens\u0103 \u00een birouri, institu\u021bii administrative sau unit\u0103\u021bi economice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3c22789f\">Marca SCIOTMASH este asociat\u0103 produc\u021biei industriale sovietice de echipamente de calcul, destinate sus\u021binerii activit\u0103\u021bilor contabile, statistice \u0219i inginere\u0219ti. \u00cen perioada postbelic\u0103, astfel de dispozitive au avut un rol esen\u021bial \u00een gestionarea datelor economice, contribuind la eficientizarea muncii administrative \u00eentr-un sistem centralizat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-be8fa587\">Piesa are o valoare documentar\u0103, ilustreaz\u0103 evolu\u021bia tehnologiilor de calcul \u00eenaintea apari\u021biei computerelor electronice. Ea contribuie la \u00een\u021belegerea modului \u00een care procesele matematice erau integrate \u00een activit\u0103\u021bile economice \u0219i administrative ale secolului XX.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6a8cd607\">Acest tip de ma\u0219in\u0103 mecanic\u0103 de calcul SCIOTMASH func\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un martor material al moderniz\u0103rii tehnice \u0219i al transform\u0103rilor \u00een cultura muncii, eviden\u021biind importan\u021ba instrumentelor de calcul \u00een organizarea societ\u0103\u021bii industriale \u0219i \u00een dezvoltarea sistemelor birocratice din Chi\u0219in\u0103u de la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul secolului al XIX-lea p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prima jum\u0103tate a secolului al XX-lea, \u00eenainte de apari\u021bia calculatoarelor electronice.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":590,"template":"","class_list":["post-589","muzeu_obiect_istoric","type-muzeu_obiect_istoric","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ma\u0219in\u0103 mecanic\u0103 de calcul, anii 40-50 sec. 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