{"id":2110,"date":"2026-05-25T11:54:35","date_gmt":"2026-05-25T11:54:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/muzeu.chisinau.md\/?page_id=2110"},"modified":"2026-08-26T08:52:19","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T08:52:19","slug":"sala-iii-chisinaul-in-perioada-interbelica-in-anii-celui-de-al-doilea-razboi-mondial-si-in-perioada-reconstructiei-postbelice-1918-inceputul-anilor-1950","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/muzeu.chisinau.md\/en\/descopera\/expozitie-permanenta\/sala-iii-chisinaul-in-perioada-interbelica-in-anii-celui-de-al-doilea-razboi-mondial-si-in-perioada-reconstructiei-postbelice-1918-inceputul-anilor-1950\/","title":{"rendered":"Hall III \u2013 Chi\u0219in\u0103u during the interwar period, World War II, and the postwar reconstruction period (1918\u2013early 1950s)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Room III \u2013 Chi\u0219in\u0103u Between the Wars and During World War II<\/h4> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Permanent Exhibition<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Description<\/h4> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hall III of the exhibition traces the evolution of Chi\u0219in\u0103u from 1918 to the early 1950s, a period marked by significant political, social, and cultural transformations. This period encompasses the interwar years, the city\u2019s experiences during World War II, and the reconstruction process in the early postwar years.<\/span><\/p>

On January 24, 1918, amid the collapse of the Russian Empire and the revolutionary upheaval, the Moldovan Democratic Republic was proclaimed, led by the representative body known as the Sfatul \u021a\u0103rii. On March 27, 1918, under the chairmanship of Ion Incule\u021b, the Sfatul \u021a\u0103rii voted to unite Bessarabia with Romania, marking the beginning of a new chapter in the region\u2019s history.<\/span><\/p>

During the interwar period, Chi\u0219in\u0103u became one of Romania\u2019s major urban centers, experiencing significant economic and cultural development. The city was home to numerous enterprises in the food and light industries, such as Cogan\u2019s Mill, the bread factory, the sausage factory, the kvass and lemonade factory, the candy factory, and the shoe factory. During this period, Romania\u2019s national currency\u2014the Romanian leu\u2014was in circulation, and examples of it are on display in the museum\u2019s exhibition.<\/span><\/p>

The city\u2019s public and cultural life was enlivened by numerous exhibitions and events held in the Public Garden, such as agricultural and industrial exhibitions. From one of these events, the museum\u2019s collection includes a certificate awarded to the exhibition\u2019s participants.<\/span><\/p>

The interwar period was also marked by significant developments in the educational and cultural systems. Schools and high schools offering instruction in Romanian and using the Latin alphabet were opened in the city, reflecting Bessarabia\u2019s integration into the Romanian educational system.<\/span><\/p>

A significant milestone in Chi\u0219in\u0103u\u2019s artistic life was the founding in 1921 of the School of Fine Arts, headed by the sculptor Alexandru Pl\u0103m\u0103deal\u0103, one of the most important figures in Bessarabian art.<\/span><\/p>

On April 29, 1928, in the Public Garden, on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the founding of the Sfatul \u021a\u0103rii and the Union of Bessarabia with Romania, the Monument to Stephen the Great and the Holy was unveiled, created by sculptor Alexandru Pl\u0103m\u0103deal\u0103, and the monument\u2019s pedestal was designed by architect Eugen Bernardazzi.<\/span><\/p>

During this period, Chi\u0219in\u0103u also became an important center of musical and artistic life. The city was home to the \u201eUnirea\u201d Conservatory, the National Conservatory, and the Municipal Conservatory. Among the students at these institutions were figures such as the famous soprano Maria Cebotari, who brought Bessarabia\u2019s fame to the great stages of Europe, as well as the composer Eugen Coca.<\/span><\/p>

The city\u2019s development was, however, interrupted by the dramatic events of World War II. In 1939, with the signing of the Molotov\u2013Ribbentrop Pact, Europe entered a new period of political and military tensions. Following the Soviet ultimatum in June 1940, Bessarabia was occupied by the Soviet Union, and on August 2, 1940, the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed, with its capital in Chi\u0219in\u0103u.<\/span><\/p>

This period was marked by political repression and mass deportations, with many residents of Bessarabia being deported to Siberia and Central Asia. Among the victims of these reprisals was Tatiana Schmidt, the daughter of Carol Schmidt, the former mayor of Chi\u0219in\u0103u, who was deported to Tashkent in Central Asia. The museum\u2019s exhibition features a letter written by Tatiana Schmidt to her friends in Chi\u0219in\u0103u, in which she describes the tragedy of her deportation.<\/span><\/p>

In 1941, amid the Soviet army\u2019s retreat and ongoing military operations, a significant portion of the city\u2019s infrastructure was destroyed. Numerous historic buildings in Chi\u0219in\u0103u were blown up or severely damaged, and the city suffered significant losses both in terms of its architectural heritage and among its population.<\/span><\/p>

After the war, in 1945, the renowned architect Alexei Shchusev, a native of Bessarabia, returned to Chi\u0219in\u0103u, where, together with a group of architects, he drew up the master plan for the city\u2019s reconstruction. This plan called for preserving the historic buildings that had survived the war and restoring those that had been destroyed, to the extent possible.<\/span><\/p>

In 1947, plans were drawn up for the new government building, but the death of architect Alexei Shchusev prevented the full completion of his project. Gradually, despite having been severely damaged by the war, Chi\u0219in\u0103u began the process of reconstruction and returned to its peaceful life.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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See also<\/h4> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHall I - The First Documentary References and
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSession II\u2014Modernization and Urban Development of Chi\u0219in\u0103u\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRoom IV - Chi\u0219in\u0103u during the period
\nthe early 1950s
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Contact us to learn more<\/h4> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\tCall Now\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hall III \u2013 Chi\u0219in\u0103u Between the Wars and During World War II Permanent Exhibition Description Hall III of the exhibition presents the evolution of<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1237,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2110","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nSala III \u2013 Chi\u0219in\u0103ul \u00een perioada interbelic\u0103, \u00een anii celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial \u0219i \u00een perioada reconstruc\u021biei postbelice (1918 \u2013 \u00eenceputul anilor 1950) - Muzeul de Istorie al Ora\u0219ului Chi\u0219in\u0103u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/muzeu.chisinau.md\/en\/descopera\/expozitie-permanenta\/sala-iii-chisinaul-in-perioada-interbelica-in-anii-celui-de-al-doilea-razboi-mondial-si-in-perioada-reconstructiei-postbelice-1918-inceputul-anilor-1950\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sala III \u2013 Chi\u0219in\u0103ul \u00een perioada interbelic\u0103, \u00een anii celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial \u0219i \u00een perioada reconstruc\u021biei postbelice (1918 \u2013 \u00eenceputul anilor 1950) - 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